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AWS D1.1 RE-CERTIFICATION

Welder Re-Certification

Qualification lapsed. Records missing. New employer. CWI question. Whatever the reason — re-qualification under AWS D1.1 is the same test as initial qualification. Mail us your plate, get your WPQ back.

✓ We Test Your Plates  •  ✗ We Are Not a Welding School  •  ✓ Official WPQ Records Issued

Reviewed by: Timothy Dodd, AWS CWI #00120381 · ICC S2 Structural Welding Inspector

Last Updated May 13, 2026
Get Re-Cert Quote ✆  (404) 860-1288 How It Works
6
Month Rule
Use it or lose it
Same
Test as Initial
No shortcuts under D1.1
All
Positions
1G through 6G pipe
Fast
Turnaround
See timeframes page
✓  AWS CWI Inspected ✓  Accredited Bend Testing ✓  Official WPQ Issued ✓  Mail-In Nationwide ✓  D1.1 Clause 6.4.1 Compliant

How AWS D1.1 Welder Qualification Continuity Works

AWS D1.1 welder qualifications do not expire on a calendar date. Per Clause 6.4.1, a qualification remains valid indefinitely — but only when two conditions are continuously met: the welder must use the qualified welding process at least once every six months, and the employer must document each use in a continuity log. Both conditions. Not one or the other.

When the six-month window passes without documented use of the qualified process, the WPQ becomes invalid. The welder cannot legally weld on D1.1 structural steel projects until they pass a new qualification test. There is no grace period, no reduced-scope retest, and no paperwork shortcut that restores a lapsed qualification. A new plate, a new inspection, and a new WPQ are required.

Direct Answer

AWS D1.1 welder qualification does not expire on a calendar date. It remains valid indefinitely as long as the welder uses the qualified welding process at least once every six months AND the employer documents each use in a continuity log. If the six-month window passes without documented use, the qualification lapses and a new qualification test is required. There is no abbreviated retest path — re-certification under D1.1 uses the same test as initial qualification. The substantive rule is unchanged in D1.1:2025 (Clause 6.4.1 — formerly Clause 6.4.1 in the 2020 edition). WeldCertTest performs all CWI inspection in Alpharetta, GA (Timothy Dodd, AWS CWI #00120381). Re-certification produces an updated WPQ record — not an AWS Certified Welder card, which is a separate program.

The 6-Month Rule — In Detail

The six-month continuity requirement is per process, per welder. A welder qualified in multiple processes must maintain continuity on each process independently. The most common trap: a welder qualified in both SMAW and FCAW spends a full year running exclusively SMAW production welds. Their SMAW qualification is current. Their FCAW qualification has lapsed — even though they welded every single day.

D1.1 Clause 6.4.1: "A welder's or welding operator's qualification shall remain in effect indefinitely unless (1) the welder or welding operator is not engaged in a given process of welding for which the welder or welding operator is qualified for a period exceeding six months, or (2) there is some specific reason to question the welder's or welding operator's ability."
About the Code Edition: The quoted language above is from AWS D1.1:2020, where the welder continuity provision is Clause 6.4.1. The 2025 edition of D1.1 (published 2025) renumbered the provision to Clause 6.4.1 — but the substantive requirement is unchanged. Existing WPQ records that reference Clause 6.4.1 remain valid; they simply cite the prior clause number. Any new WPQ issued by WeldCertTest under the 2025 edition will reference Clause 6.4.1.
What Counts Toward Continuity — and What Doesn't
Activity Counts? Notes
Production weld using qualified processYesAny position, any project
Practice weld using qualified processYesIf documented by employer
Tack welds using qualified processYesIf documented — check with CWI
Welding with a different processNoContinuity is per process
Welding for a different employerNo**Unless new employer accepts prior log
Being employed but not weldingNoEmployment alone doesn't count
Training or classroom instructionNoMust be actual welding with the process

How Bad Is a Continuity Gap? — Severity by Lapse Length

Not every gap creates the same problem. The substantive code requirement (6 months) is a bright line — but how that line plays out in practice depends on how far past it the welder went and what work was performed in the meantime.

What Happens at Different Lapse Lengths
Lapse Duration Status Practical Implications
Under 6 months
Documented use within the window
VALID Qualification is current. Continue documenting use in the continuity log. Set a calendar reminder at month five to verify upcoming continuity.
5.5–6 months
Approaching the limit
AT RISK Still technically valid, but cutting it close. Schedule a qualifying weld using the process immediately and document it. If no production work is available, run a documented practice weld using the qualified process.
6–12 months
Recently lapsed
LAPSED Qualification void. New test required to restore. Skill is usually still strong — a warm-up session on scrap material followed by the test plate is the normal path. Most welders pass on first re-qualification attempt at this stage.
1–3 years
Long-term lapse
LAPSED Same code requirement as a 7-month lapse: full re-qualification. Recommend more practice time before testing — muscle memory degrades over years even when general welding skill remains. Plan extra warm-up sessions before running the test plate.
3+ years
Effectively initial qualification
LAPSED Approach as if starting from scratch. Verify the welder is still proficient before paying for a test plate. Consider scheduling a practice session and dry-run inspection before committing to a full qualification test.
CWI revocation
Per D1.1 Clause 6.4.1(2) / 4.2.3.1(2)
REVOKED Independent of lapse length. A CWI can revoke a qualification at any point if there is specific reason to question the welder's ability. Re-qualification on a fresh test plate documents that the issue has been resolved.

Common Re-Certification Scenarios

Continuity Lapse — Layoff or Injury

The most common scenario. Welder was laid off, injured, on extended leave, or simply wasn't assigned work requiring the qualified process. Six months passed. The WPQ is void. Solution: new plate, new test, new WPQ. The welder's skill is usually still there — they just need to demonstrate it again.

New Employer Requirement

Many companies require welders to re-qualify under their own supervision even when the welder holds a valid WPQ from a previous employer. Whether required by contract, company QC program, or project specification — a fresh qualification under the new employer's WPS satisfies the requirement cleanly.

Lost or Missing WPQ Records

No WPQ documentation means no proof of qualification regardless of how long or how well the welder has been welding. Audits, project closeouts, and compliance checks all require physical WPQ records. Re-qualification is faster and cleaner than attempting to reconstruct lost documentation.

CWI Revocation or Specific Cause

Per D1.1 Clause 6.4.1(2), a CWI can revoke a welder's qualification if there is specific reason to question their ability — weld quality issues, observed technique problems, or failed production weld inspection. Re-qualification on a fresh test plate resolves the question with documented evidence.

Process Change

Welder holds SMAW qualification but the new project requires FCAW. Different process = separate qualification required. The existing SMAW WPQ doesn't transfer to FCAW production work regardless of skill level. A new FCAW test plate is required.

Audit or Project Compliance Finding

QC audit revealed missing continuity log entries, expired qualifications, or documentation gaps. The fastest path to compliance is re-qualification — new plates, new WPQs, clean documentation from this point forward. We work with QC managers and owners to prioritize and sequence multiple welders efficiently.

Welder Performance Qualification Record document on wooden desk with hard hat and welding gloves, showing fields for welder name, process, position, test date, and CWI signature
The WPQ record — what re-certification produces: A fresh CWI-signed Welder Performance Qualification record with a new issue date, positions covered, process, and thickness range. This is the document that satisfies QC audits, project specs, and employer compliance requirements.

Re-Certification Is the Same Test as Initial Qualification

There is no abbreviated path under AWS D1.1 for re-certification. The test is identical to the original qualification — same joint configuration, same plate preparation, same CWI visual inspection criteria, same bend test requirements. The only difference is that the WPQ will carry a new issue date reflecting the re-qualification.

✓ Experienced Welders Usually Pass Quickly: A welder who has been welding regularly on another process typically has the underlying skill. The test is a demonstration, not a learning exercise. Most continuity-lapse re-qualifications are straightforward — the welder needs a warm-up session on the process and then runs the plate. The skill does not disappear in six months.
Re-Certification Test Requirements — Same as Initial Qualification
Item Initial Qualification Re-Certification
Joint ConfigurationPer D1.1 WPSSame
Plate/Pipe ThicknessPer qualification rangeSame
Visual InspectionD1.1 Clause 4.9Same criteria
Bend Testing4 specimens, 180°Same
CWI SignatureRequiredRequired
WPS RequiredYesYes
Abbreviated Retest PathN/ANone available

Choosing the Right Re-Certification Test

Re-certification is an opportunity to upgrade coverage. If a welder is retesting because their 1G lapsed, consider qualifying the 3G instead — same number of plates, broader coverage, and the welder won't need to retest again when vertical work comes up. Use the forced retest as a chance to come back with a stronger qualification.

Re-Certification Test Options — Maximize Coverage
Test Flat Horiz. Vertical Overhead Plates
1G Flat1
2G Horizontal1
3G Vertical1
3G/4G All-Position2
5G Pipe1 coupon
6G Pipe1 coupon

How to Prevent Future Lapses — The Continuity Log

A continuity log is not complicated. It is a running record that the welder used the qualified process within the past six months. It does not need to be a formal document — a spreadsheet, a notebook, or a simple form maintained in the welder's file is sufficient. The requirement is documentation, not format.

Sample Continuity Log — Minimum Required Fields
Date Welder Name Process Project / Job No. Supervisor Signature
01/15/2025J. SmithSMAWBridge Proj. 2025-04R. Johnson
03/22/2025J. SmithSMAWFabrication Shop RunR. Johnson
06/10/2025J. SmithSMAWPlant Expansion 7BR. Johnson
09/05/2025J. SmithSMAWMaintenance ContractR. Johnson
  • Start the log on the day the WPQ is received — not after the first production weld
  • Log every qualifying use of the process — don't wait until the five-month mark
  • Set a calendar reminder at 5 months — one month buffer before expiration
  • Keep the log in the welder's permanent qualification file alongside the WPQ
  • When a welder changes employers, confirm the new employer will accept the existing log or start fresh
  • Review all welders' logs quarterly — a missed entry discovered late is better than one discovered never
  • Multiple processes require separate log entries for each process
✓ Free Prevention: A continuity log costs nothing to maintain and prevents a re-qualification test that costs time and money. Every dollar spent on re-certification testing is a dollar that a properly maintained continuity log would have saved.

The True Cost of a Lapsed Qualification

The fee for a re-qualification test is the smallest cost most contractors face when a qualification lapses. The real expenses come from the downstream consequences — and they accumulate quickly.

Direct: The Re-Qualification Test

Test plate material, CWI inspection, accredited lab bend testing, new WPQ documentation. This is the line-item cost. It is also the smallest of the downstream costs in most situations.

Lost Production Time

The welder cannot legally work on D1.1 projects during the lapse-to-recertification gap. For a daily-rate or hourly welder, every day out of compliance is lost revenue for the employer or lost wages for the welder.

Missed Bid Opportunities

Project bid documents commonly require documented current welder qualifications. A crew with lapsed qualifications cannot be listed on the bid. The lost contract value can dwarf the re-qualification cost many times over.

Audit Findings & Compliance Penalties

Third-party CWI inspections, owner audits, and project closeout reviews check welder qualifications. A lapsed qualification found during audit is a formal non-conformance — requiring documentation, corrective action plans, and possibly contract penalties.

Unwinding Non-Compliant Welds

If production welds were made during a lapse period and are later discovered during inspection, the welds may need to be reviewed, retested with NDT, or in extreme cases removed and re-welded by a qualified welder. The cost of unwinding a single shift of structural welding can be enormous.

Project Schedule Slippage

Re-qualification doesn't happen instantly — the welder needs practice time, the test plate must be welded, shipped, inspected, and bend-tested. A 1–2 week delay on a critical-path welder cascades to overall project delays. Liquidated damages on commercial projects can run thousands per day.

The Math is Simple: A few minutes per month to maintain a continuity log prevents all of the costs above. The single most common preventable cost we see in welder qualification compliance is a lapsed qualification that the employer never logged in the first place.

How a QC Manager Should Audit a Continuity Log

If a third-party CWI or owner's representative is coming on site for a project audit, the welder qualification file is one of the first things they will request. A clean audit is the difference between proceeding without disruption and a formal non-conformance finding. Use this checklist to self-audit before a third-party shows up.

Pre-Inspection Continuity Log Audit Checklist

1
Original WPQ on file with CWI signature? Verify the signed Welder Performance Qualification record exists in the welder's qualification file, with a CWI signature and current CWI certification number listed. No signature = no qualification.
2
Each qualified process has its own log entries? A welder qualified in SMAW and FCAW needs separate documentation showing each process was used within the past six months. One process current does not cover the other.
3
Every entry has all required fields? Date, welder name, welding process, project or job number, supervisor signature. Missing any field = audit risk. A bare "John welded yesterday" note does not satisfy the documentation requirement.
4
Most recent entry is within the past six months for each process? Look at the calendar date of the most recent entry for each qualified process. Today's date minus six months = oldest acceptable most-recent entry. If older, the qualification has lapsed regardless of other entries.
5
No gaps exceeding six months anywhere in the log history? A welder qualified two years ago needs continuous documentation from then to now. A six-month gap anywhere in the history breaks continuity even if recent entries are current — the qualification lapsed at the gap and was never properly re-qualified.
6
Are supervisor signatures from authorized personnel? The supervisor or employer signature on each entry should be from someone with authority to attest to the work. A welder cannot sign their own continuity log entries.
7
Is the log accessible and presentable? A spreadsheet in someone's personal email is not an accessible log. The continuity log should live in the welder's qualification file alongside the WPQ — physical folder or shared QC document repository, accessible by whoever the inspector requests it from.
✓ Find the Gaps Now — Not Later: Issues discovered during a self-audit can be fixed cleanly. Issues discovered during a third-party audit become formal findings on a project record. If you find a problem in this checklist, contact us — we'll help you sequence re-qualifications efficiently before an inspector arrives.

Multiple Welder Re-Certification Programs

For fabrication shops, contractors, and industrial employers with multiple welders needing re-certification simultaneously, we can sequence and process multiple test plates efficiently. Tell us how many welders, which positions, and which processes — we'll provide a consolidated quote and work through them in order of priority.

QC Managers: If you're dealing with an audit finding or compliance gap on multiple welders, call us directly at (404) 860-1288. We've worked with QC teams to prioritize critical welders and get documentation back in order quickly. A consolidated approach is faster and more cost-effective than processing welders one at a time.

Mail-In Re-Certification — How It Works

  1. Contact us — tell us the situation

    Process, last qualified position, reason for re-certification, number of welders. We'll confirm the test required, provide a WPS, and quote pricing. We've seen every scenario — call or use the quote form.

  2. Welder preps and runs the plate

    Same plate prep as initial qualification. Welder runs the test under the WPS at your facility. A warm-up session on scrap material before running the test plate is a good idea for welders returning after a long gap.

  3. Ship the plate

    Follow our shipping instructions. Standard ground shipping. Include welder name, process, position, and contact info with the shipment.

  4. CWI visual inspection

    Our AWS CWI performs full visual inspection per D1.1 Clause 4.9. We contact you on any visual rejection before proceeding to bend testing.

  5. Accredited bend testing

    Specimens cut, prepared, and bent per D1.1 at our accredited lab. Full documentation maintained.

  6. New WPQ issued with current date

    Fresh CWI-signed WPQ with new issue date delivered by email and mail. Start the continuity log immediately on receipt. See timeframes for current turnaround.

Glossary

Continuity

The documented record showing a welder has used the qualified welding process at least once every six months. Required by D1.1 Clause 6.4.1 to maintain qualification validity.

Continuity Log

Employer-maintained record documenting each qualifying use of the welding process. Must include date, welder name, process, project reference, and supervisor signature at minimum.

WPQ Record

Welder Performance Qualification record — the official CWI-signed document certifying the welder passed the qualification test. The primary compliance document for D1.1 structural welding work.

Lapsed Qualification

A welder qualification that has become invalid due to a six-month gap without documented use of the qualified process. Requires a new qualification test to restore — no paperwork shortcut exists.

D1.1 Clause 6.4.1

The AWS D1.1 provision governing welder qualification continuity. Specifies that qualification is valid indefinitely unless the welder has not used the qualified process for more than six months or there is specific reason to question their ability.

Essential Variable

A change in welding conditions significant enough to require re-qualification under D1.1 Table 6.12. Includes changes in welding process, F-number group, base metal P-number group, and other factors. Continuity lapse is the most common cause of required re-qualification.

Frequently Asked Questions

When does an AWS D1.1 welder qualification expire?
A D1.1 welder qualification does not have a calendar expiration date. It expires when the welder has not used the qualified welding process for more than six consecutive months, or when a CWI has specific reason to revoke it. Both the six-month use requirement and employer documentation must be maintained continuously for the qualification to remain valid.
What exactly is the 6-month continuity rule?
Per D1.1 Clause 6.4.1, the qualification stays valid as long as the welder uses the qualified process at least once every six months AND the employer documents it. The key traps: continuity is per process (not per welder), and documentation must exist — a welder who welded regularly but wasn't logged is in the same position as one who didn't weld at all.
Is re-certification testing different from initial qualification?
No. D1.1 re-certification uses the same test as initial qualification — same joint, same plate prep, same CWI visual inspection, same bend test criteria. There is no abbreviated path. The resulting WPQ will have a new issue date reflecting the re-qualification date. Note: re-certification produces a WPQ record, not an AWS Certified Welder card — these are two different programs. See the WPQ vs AWS Certified Welder breakdown →
Can a welder transfer a qualification to a new employer?
Yes, with conditions. The new employer must accept the existing WPS as equivalent to their own, continuity must have been maintained without a six-month gap, and the qualification must not have been revoked. The new employer takes responsibility for the continuity log going forward. Many employers simply require a fresh re-qualification — it resolves all questions cleanly.
What if we lost the WPQ records?
Without WPQ documentation there is no proof of qualification — regardless of how long or how well the welder has been welding. Re-qualification is the fastest path to documented compliance. There is no procedure under D1.1 for reconstructing or replacing lost WPQ records after the fact.
Does welding with a different process count toward continuity?
No. Continuity is per process. A welder qualified in both SMAW and FCAW who spends six months running only SMAW has maintained SMAW continuity and lost FCAW continuity — even though they welded every day. Each qualified process requires its own documented use within the six-month window.
Can we re-qualify multiple welders at once?
Yes. We work with fabrication shops and contractors managing multiple welder re-qualifications regularly. Call us at (404) 860-1288 to discuss the number of welders, positions, and processes. We can sequence and prioritize efficiently and provide consolidated documentation.
Should I re-qualify to the same position or upgrade?
Re-certification is a good opportunity to upgrade. If the welder is retesting anyway, qualifying the 3G instead of the 1G costs the same number of plates and provides broader coverage. The 3G/4G combined covers all four positions in two plates. Consider what production work is coming up and qualify accordingly — use the forced retest to come back stronger.
How do we prevent qualification lapses going forward?
Start a continuity log on the day the WPQ is received. Log every qualifying use of the process with date, welder name, process, project number, and supervisor signature. Set a calendar reminder at the five-month mark for each welder. Review all logs quarterly. A properly maintained continuity log costs nothing and prevents every future re-certification test that results from a continuity lapse.
Can a CWI revoke a qualification without a continuity lapse?
Yes. Per D1.1 Clause 6.4.1(2), a CWI can revoke a qualification if there is specific reason to question the welder's ability — failed production weld inspections, observed technique problems, or documented quality issues. Re-qualification on a fresh test plate is the standard path to resolution in these cases.
Did AWS D1.1:2025 change the welder continuity requirement?
No — the substantive 6-month continuity requirement is unchanged in AWS D1.1:2025 (published 2025). However, the clause numbering changed: what was Clause 6.4.1 in D1.1:2020 is now Clause 6.4.1 in D1.1:2025. The requirement (welder must use the qualified process at least once every six months and the employer must document it) is identical. Older WPQ records referencing Clause 6.4.1 remain valid; they simply reference the prior clause number. New WPQs issued under the 2025 edition reference Clause 6.4.1.
Does re-certification produce a WPQ or an AWS Certified Welder card?
Re-certification through WeldCertTest produces an updated WPQ record — the same code-required document as initial qualification, with a new issue date and CWI signature. WeldCertTest does not issue AWS Certified Welder cards (the AWS-administered QC7 program credential). The two are different documents from different programs. For project compliance under AWS D1.1 structural welding, a current WPQ is what is required. Read the full WPQ vs AWS Certified Welder breakdown →
How much does losing a welder qualification actually cost?
The direct cost is the re-qualification test itself. The indirect costs are typically larger: project delays while the welder is out of compliance, missed bid opportunities on projects requiring documented qualifications, audit findings if a lapsed qualification is discovered during third-party inspection, the administrative cost of unwinding any production welds performed while non-compliant, and possible liquidated damages on critical-path projects. A continuity log costs nothing to maintain and prevents all of these downstream costs.
How should a QC manager audit a continuity log before a project inspection?
Verify these seven items for each welder: (1) Original WPQ on file with CWI signature, (2) Each qualified process has its own log entries within the past six months, (3) Every entry has date, welder name, process, project reference, and supervisor signature, (4) Most recent entry is within the past six months for each qualified process the welder is currently using, (5) No gaps exceeding six months anywhere in the log history, (6) Supervisor signatures are from authorized personnel (not the welder themselves), (7) The log is accessible and presentable. Discrepancies discovered now are far cheaper to resolve than discrepancies discovered during third-party inspection.

The People Behind the Inspection

Every re-certification plate submitted to WeldCertTest is inspected by a named, currently-certified AWS CWI. When a project inspector asks who signed your new WPQ, you have an answer.

Timothy Dodd, AWS Certified Welding Inspector CWI #00120381, performs all CWI visual inspection at WeldCertTest

Timothy Dodd

AWS CWI #00120381 · Inspector, Xenogenesis LLC

Timothy Dodd performs all CWI visual inspection at WeldCertTest and reviews technical content on this site. He holds a current AWS Certified Welding Inspector certification under AWS QC1 and an ICC S2 Structural Welding Inspector certification — both verifiable through the issuing bodies. Every WPQ we issue is signed by him personally.

AWS CWI #00120381 ICC #8184186 Active · 2027
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Roger Baldwin, owner and operator of WeldCertTest.com

Roger Baldwin

Site Owner & Publisher · WeldCertTest

Roger Baldwin owns and operates WeldCertTest.com. With 28 years in the broader nondestructive testing industry, he handles the business operation and partners with Timothy Dodd for all CWI inspection work and technical content review.

Site Operator 28 Years NDT Industry
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Content reviewed by Timothy Dodd, AWS CWI #00120381 · Last reviewed May 16, 2026